Lexicon
E
Electronic signature
An electronic signature is a means of electronic identification that provides the classic functions of a handwritten signature.
Encryption
Encryption is a reversible operation applied to data, possibly personal data, in order to make them incomprehensible to anyone who is not authorized to access them.
EUIPO
The European Union Office for Intellectual Property (EUIPO), formerly known as the Office for Harmonization in the Internal Market (OHIM), is the central institution of the European Union responsible for the management of the European Union’s trademarks and designs, which are strategic assets in business life .
European Data Protection Board
European Data Protection Supervisor
The European Data Protection Supervisor is an independent European body that primarily monitors the correct application of the GDPR and Regulation 2018/1725 by the institutions and other bodies of the European Union.
Executive Order 12333
Executive Order 12333 (or E.O. 12333) is an executive order of the President of the United States defining the purposes, roles, and responsibilities of the United States intelligence agencies.
Exhaustion of rights
The rule of exhaustion of rights is contained in Article 15 of Directive (EU) No. 2015/2436 on trademarks as well as in Article 4, § 2, of Directive (EU) No. 2001/29 on copyright, which provides that:
F
Family name
Etymologically, patronymic comes from the Latin pater, the father. The patronymic is commonly used to designate a person’s family name.
FISA
The Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act (FISA) is a United States law that establishes procedures for physical and electronic surveillance of foreign individuals and entities.
Foreclosure by tolerance
Franchising and Commission-Affiliation
Franchising and commission-affiliation are two distinct legal systems that allow a company to develop their business in a network.
G
GDRP
GDPR refers to Regulation (EU) 2016/679 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 27 April 2016 on the protection of individuals with regard to the processing of personal data and on the free movement of such data, and repealing Directive 95/46/EC (General Data Protection Regulation).
General Terms and Conditions of Sale (GTCS)
The general terms and conditions of sale (GTC) are the means by which a seller informs its customers of the conditions it proposes for the sale of its products.
Geolocation
Geolocation is a technology that allows to determine the location of a thing or a person in space.
H
Host
The host, or hosting company, refers to any person ensuring, even free of charge, the storage of signals, writings, images, sounds or messages of any kind.
I
ICANN
ICANN, otherwise known as the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers, is an international non-profit organization founded in 1998 that works to maintain the security, stability and interoperability of the Internet.
Image rights
The right to the image is not expressly provided for by French law. It is a law resulting from the jurisprudence on the basis of two texts:
Industrial property
Industrial Property is one of the two branches of Intellectual Property.
Influencers (Bad Buzz)
The word ” influencer ” entered the French dictionary in 2017. The influencer is the one who ” influences the opinion, the consumption by his audience on social networks ” (dictionary Le Robert).
Information Society Services
Information society services are defined as any service normally provided for remuneration, at a distance by electronic means and at the individual request of a recipient of services.
Infringement proceedings
The legal action for infringement is the one specifically opened to the holders of intellectual property rights in case of infringement of the latter.
INPI
The National Institute of Intellectual Property (INPI), located in Courbevoie, is a financially autonomous public institution under the supervision of the Ministry of Industrial Property.
Intellectual Property
Intellectual Property is a specific branch of law that groups together all the rules applicable to “intellectual property”, to intangible property resulting from a creative effort.
Intellectual Property Lawyer and Intellectual Property Counsel
What is the difference between an IP lawyer and an IP attorney?
Internet
More recently, the Internet has enabled the tremendous growth of crypto-currencies and intangible assets through the Blockchain. Developed since 2008, blockchain is primarily a technology for storing and transmitting information. This technology offers high standards of transparency and security because it operates without a central control body. In concrete terms, the blockchain allows its users – connected in a network – to share data without intermediaries.
Internet of Things
The Internet of Things (IoT) refers to fixed and mobile devices connected to the Internet.
Invalidity action
Article L.714-3 of the Intellectual Property Code states that “the registration of a trademark shall be declared null and void by a court decision or by a decision of the Director General of the National Institute of Industrial Property, pursuant to Article L.411-4, if the trademark does not meet the conditions laid down in Articles L.711-2, L.711-3, L.715-4 and L.715-9 [of the Intellectual Property Code].”
IP address
The Internet Protocol (IP) address is a unique identification number usually written as four integers (bytes) separated by dots.
J
Jointly responsible
Joint controllers of a personal data processing operation shall mean two or more controllers who jointly determine the purposes and essential means of the processing operation.
L
Lapse of trademark
Trademark revocation is provided for in articles L.714-5 and L.714-6 of the Intellectual Property Code.
Legal basis
Any processing of personal data must be lawful in order to be implemented under the conditions enshrined in the GDPR and the Data Protection Act.
Legal information
The legal notices refer to information that must be included on websites in application of the law n° 2004-575 of June 21, 2004 for confidence in the digital economy.
Literary and artistic property
Literary and artistic Property is one of the two branches of Intellectual Property.
Logo
The logo is a particular graphic / visual.
