Lexicon
S
Serious use
The registration of a trademark confers on its owner a monopoly of exploitation which allows him to freely exploit his trademark in the territory in which it is registered (principle of territoriality) and for the goods and/or services covered by the registration (principle of speciality).
Sign
According to the law of December 29, 1979, ” constitutes a sign any inscription, form, or image affixed to a building and relating to an activity which is carried out. (article L.581-3 of the Environment Code).
Slogan
A slogan is a set of words, a formula, sometimes a concise sentence, which aims to have a striking impact on the public.
Social networks
A social network is a platform accessible via an Internet connection that allows Internet users to create a personal account (a page) via an application or a website and to share content (texts, images, photos, videos…) with its community made up of other Internet users who are subscribers or connected to this page.
Software
Software is a set of programs, processes and rules, and possibly documentation, related to the operation of a data processing system.
Soleau envelope
In French law, article R.511-6 of the Intellectual Property Code provides that “the following rules apply In order to complete the evidence obtained from the above-mentioned registers, the interested parties shall be authorized to draw up two identical copies of the designs for which they wish to secure the date of priority of creation and to send both copies to the National Institute of Industrial Property, which, after recording and punching the date of arrival, shall return one of them to the sender and place the other in its archives (…) “.
Special categories of data
Special categories of personal data within the meaning of the GDPR are those revealing racial or ethnic origin, political opinions, religious or philosophical beliefs or trade union membership, as well as genetic data, biometric data for the purpose of uniquely identifying a natural person, data concerning health and data concerning sex life or sexual orientation.
Spoofing
Spoofing refers to a malicious action consisting in usurping all or part of the identity of a natural or legal person, in order to obtain an illegitimate advantage.
Standard Contract Clauses (SCC)
The standard contractual clauses are model agreements on the processing of personal data adopted by the European Commission for the following categories of personal data transfers:
Subcontractor
The processor is the natural or legal person who processes personal data on behalf of the controller.
SYRELI
The SYRELI procedure (Dispute Resolution System) is one of the two out-of-court procedures for resolving domain name disputes operated by AFNIC.
T
TEU – CJEU
The Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU), in the broadest sense, is the judicial institution of the European Union, with its seat in Luxembourg.
Tolerance
Tolerance is one of the infringements of a trademark owner’s right due to his inaction and is provided for in article L.716-5 of the Intellectual Property Code, which states that “any action for infringement of a later registered trademark whose use has been tolerated for five years shall be inadmissible, unless the filing was made in bad faith. However, the inadmissibility is limited to the goods and services for which the use has been tolerated”.
Trade name
In corporate law, the trade name is the name under which a company (or a self-employed person) participates in business and will be known to the public.
Trademark application
This is the formality by which a natural or legal person files an application for registration of a trademark before an Intellectual Property Office, namely the INPI for French trademarks, the EUIPO for European Union trademarks or the WIPO for trademarks registered under the Madrid System.
Trademark degeneration
In law, a trademark is a distinctive sign whose essential function is to indicate to the consumer the origin of the good(s) and/or service(s) it designates so that he can distinguish them from those offered by third-party companies.
Typosquatting
Typosquatting is the registration of a domain name similar to a trademark, a brand name, a family name or another domain name in order to deliberately create a risk of confusion in the mind of the Internet user and thus deceive him.
U
UDRP (Uniform Domain Name Dispute Resolution Policy)
The Uniform Domain Name Dispute Resolution Policy (UDRP) is an alternative dispute resolution process for the registration and use of top level domain names (.com, .biz, .info, .mobi, .net, .org…) as well as those corresponding to country codes that have voluntarily adopted the UDRP.
Unfair competition
Freedom of trade and industry is a fundamental principle of our law.
Unfair competition proceedings
In France, the unfair competition action is a so-called “common law” action, which is not based on intellectual property rights.
V
Video surveillance
Video surveillance refers to the capture, transmission and recording of images taken in places not open to the public (offices, store reserves, closed condominiums …).
VPN (Virtual Private Network)
A Virtual Private Network (VPN) is a private communication channel that most often uses the Internet infrastructure to transmit data that is generally protected by encryption techniques.
W
WHOIS
The WHOIS is a directory containing technical information about the holders of domain names.
WIPO
The World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) is an international body of the United Nations, responsible for the cooperation and promotion of an international intellectual property system.
