{"id":20962,"date":"2026-07-28T22:32:10","date_gmt":"2026-07-28T20:32:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/avocat-brevet\/"},"modified":"2026-07-29T08:15:18","modified_gmt":"2026-07-29T06:15:18","slug":"patent-law","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/en\/patent-law\/","title":{"rendered":"Patent lawyers in Paris"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-873194c3\">\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-c289977d\">\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-cover\" style=\"min-height:430px;aspect-ratio:unset;\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1536\" height=\"1024\" class=\"wp-block-cover__image-background wp-image-20549 lazyload\" alt=\"Patent lawyers in Paris\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/wp-content\/smush-webp\/2026\/07\/ChatGPT-Image-2-juil.-2026-17_04_04-2.png.webp\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 1536px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 1536\/1024;object-position:50% 50%\" data-object-fit=\"cover\" data-object-position=\"50% 50%\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/wp-content\/smush-webp\/2026\/07\/ChatGPT-Image-2-juil.-2026-17_04_04-2.png.webp 1536w, https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/wp-content\/smush-webp\/2026\/07\/ChatGPT-Image-2-juil.-2026-17_04_04-2-300x200.png.webp 300w, https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/wp-content\/smush-webp\/2026\/07\/ChatGPT-Image-2-juil.-2026-17_04_04-2-1024x683.png.webp 1024w, https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/wp-content\/smush-webp\/2026\/07\/ChatGPT-Image-2-juil.-2026-17_04_04-2-768x512.png.webp 768w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 1536px) 100vw, 1536px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" \/><span aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-cover__background has-background-dim-50 has-background-dim\" style=\"background-color:#01615a\"><\/span><div class=\"wp-block-cover__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-cover-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-wrapper gb-grid-wrapper-62d80722\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-490d46df\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-490d46df\"><\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-6ac37bbc\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-6ac37bbc\">\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading has-base-3-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-16c62d917fcfe00944c3778cbc0e97d3\" style=\"font-size:50px\"><strong>Patent lawyers in Paris<\/strong><\/h1>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-961dd949\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-961dd949\"><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-3f7a7ebd\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-wrapper gb-grid-wrapper-0bfcaff8\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-ff6c3598\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-ff6c3598\"><\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-e8549fa1\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-e8549fa1\">\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Domains of expertise &gt; <strong><span style=\"color: #d3c0a9;\">Patent law<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-c73ccf9e\">\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-04d3f16fa86fb031dc205450f099d0c8 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#707070\"><strong>Are you launching a technology, negotiating a licence, dealing with an employee invention, or facing a copy, a cease-and-desist letter or an opposition?<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bouchara &amp; Avocats acts in patent law, in advisory work as well as in litigation, to protect and defend its clients&rsquo; inventions in France and internationally.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">To discuss a patent contract or dispute:<\/p>\n\n\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-br-cta-46\">\n\n<p class=\"has-base-3-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color wp-elements-dad3d1b1d262d4a07cc9900f3d487605 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#1a4454\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/en\/contact\/\"><strong>Contact our team<\/strong> <img decoding=\"async\" width=\"25\" height=\"25\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/Fichier-25.svg\" alt=\"\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" class=\"lazyload\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 25px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 25\/25;\"><\/a><\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-br-baseline\">\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-f6e6693fc4058cd812c88e83823ed7cd wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#1a4454\"><strong>A firm recognised in <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/en\/intellectual-property-law\/\">intellectual property<\/a> by the leading legal directories: Chambers, Legal 500, D&eacute;cideurs, IP STARS and Lexology Index.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-9c05c92e\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-9c05c92e\"><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-3c773e03 nos-services\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-wrapper gb-grid-wrapper-ed8c7610\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-79b81d0c\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-79b81d0c\"><\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-967c31b2\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-967c31b2\">\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-b021173ffcacf41284260f7b864d4d45\" style=\"color:#1a4454\">Our <strong>patent law services<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The firm assists you with drafting and negotiating your contracts, auditing your patent portfolio and preventing or resolving disputes.<\/p>\n\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-c97be535\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-c97be535\"><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-br01sec\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-wrapper gb-grid-wrapper-br01grd\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-br01sl\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-br01sl\"><\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-br01mid\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-br01mid\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-wrapper gb-grid-wrapper-br01ing\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-br01ca\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-br01ca\">\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-85343c778d65ebfe05a047405426df32\" style=\"color:#1a4454;font-style:normal;font-weight:600\"><strong>Patent audits and strategic transactions<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-br01cb\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-br01cb\">\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In the context of an acquisition, a fundraising round, a partnership or a restructuring, we analyse the patents, pending applications, contracts, co-ownership arrangements and licences involved in the transaction.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The audit covers in particular:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>title and the chain of ownership;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>whether the rights are still in force and the territories they cover;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>licences, exclusivity arrangements and sub-licensing rights;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>existing co-ownership, security interests and restrictions;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>the consistency between the patents held and the technologies or assets covered by the transaction.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">We identify the rights to be regularised, the clauses to be renegotiated and the legal risks liable to affect the transaction.<\/p>\n\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-br01sr\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-br01sr\"><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-br02sec\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-wrapper gb-grid-wrapper-br02grd\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-br02sl\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-br02sl\"><\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-br02mid\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-br02mid\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-wrapper gb-grid-wrapper-br02ing\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-br02ca\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-br02ca\">\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-a517e425cc61494c8d077b8334ec41f6\" style=\"color:#1a4454;font-style:normal;font-weight:600\"><strong>Patent contracts and monetisation<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-br02cb\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-br02cb\">\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">We draft and negotiate the agreements required to develop, hold and exploit inventions, in particular:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>research and development agreements;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>patent licences;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>patent assignments;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>co-ownership agreements;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>technology transfer agreements;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>agreements covering know-how and future improvements.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Our work focuses in particular on ownership of the results, the scope of the rights granted, the territories, exclusivity, royalties, sub-licensing rights and each partner&rsquo;s obligations.<\/p>\n\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-br02sr\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-br02sr\"><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-br03sec\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-wrapper gb-grid-wrapper-br03grd\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-br03sl\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-br03sl\"><\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-br03mid\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-br03mid\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-wrapper gb-grid-wrapper-br03ing\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-br03ca\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-br03ca\">\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-32fe877cf05e82342a0c3b580801a4d4\" style=\"color:#1a4454;font-style:normal;font-weight:600\"><strong>Confidentiality and securing your exchanges<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-br03cb\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-br03cb\">\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Before disclosing technical information to a potential investor, partner, supplier or buyer, we draft or review the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/en\/lexicon\/privacy\/\">confidentiality<\/a> agreements required.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">We take care to define the protected information, the permitted uses, who may access it and the conditions for returning or destroying the documents. These precautions also help to preserve the protection of information covered by trade secrecy.<\/p>\n\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-br03sr\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-br03sr\"><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-br04sec\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-wrapper gb-grid-wrapper-br04grd\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-br04sl\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-br04sl\"><\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-br04mid\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-br04mid\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-wrapper gb-grid-wrapper-br04ing\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-br04ca\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-br04ca\">\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-4d4798b85a6f1b202391c3b88c7dfa30\" style=\"color:#1a4454;font-style:normal;font-weight:600\"><strong>Patent pre-litigation and litigation, as claimant and as defendant<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-br04cb\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-br04cb\">\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Before starting proceedings or responding to a claim, we analyse the scope and validity of the patent, the products or processes concerned, the available evidence and the legal and commercial stakes of the dispute.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Depending on the situation, our lawyers assist you to:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>prepare or respond to a cease-and-desist letter;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>conduct a negotiation on ceasing the acts complained of, modifying a product, entering into a licence or reaching a settlement;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>arrange an <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/en\/lexicon\/counterfeit-seizure\/\">infringement seizure<\/a> or apply for interim measures;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>bring or defend <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/en\/avocat-contrefacon\/\">infringement proceedings<\/a>, an opposition, an invalidity action or a declaration of non-infringement;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>assess the economic consequences of the infringement and the damages that may be claimed.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">We therefore act both for patentees seeking to defend their rights and for companies against which a patent is asserted.<\/p>\n\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-br04sr\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-br04sr\"><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-br05sec\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-wrapper gb-grid-wrapper-br05grd\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-br05sl\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-br05sl\"><\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-br05mid\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-br05mid\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-wrapper gb-grid-wrapper-br05ing\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-br05ca\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-br05ca\">\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-9a4a9e0548ddfe0c4cb28381761d1184\" style=\"color:#1a4454;font-style:normal;font-weight:600\"><strong>Employee inventions<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-br05cb\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-br05cb\">\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">We put in place the internal procedures for declaring and handling inventions. We advise your company on their classification, the allocation of rights, inventor remuneration and the formalisation of agreements, and we act in any negotiations or disputes that may follow.<\/p>\n\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-br05sr\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-br05sr\"><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-4420147f\">\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-7974254d marginauto\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-wrapper gb-grid-wrapper-a80dc6ed\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-ff7688d2\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-ff7688d2 valign-column\">\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-e9751a6c\">\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-9d8597a2\">\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading white has-base-3-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-b6d1e5fe6a2d752e7aa027346b15416d\"><strong>Situations the firm handles<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-5e0949d0\">\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bouchara &amp; Avocats steps in when the ownership, the contractual exploitation or the defence of a patent raises a legal difficulty for the business.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>A competitor appears to be copying your invention<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A resemblance between two products is not enough to establish infringement. The product or process complained of must be compared against the claims asserted, the status and territorial scope of the patent must be checked, and the relevant evidence must be preserved. The firm determines whether a cease-and-desist letter, an infringement seizure, an interim measure or proceedings on the merits is the right course.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>You are negotiating a licence, an assignment or a development agreement<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Who will own the results, in which countries may they be exploited and on what terms? The firm drafts or negotiates the agreement so as to set out clearly each party&rsquo;s rights, exclusivity, royalties, the treatment of future improvements and the consequences of ending the collaboration.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>You are preparing an acquisition, a fundraising round or a partnership<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Before the transaction, it must be checked which patents and contracts the company actually holds, whether the rights are in force and whether licences, co-ownership arrangements or restrictions limit their exploitation. The firm carries out that audit, identifies what needs to be regularised and assists in negotiating suitable warranties or contractual clauses.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Your company is accused of infringement<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A cease-and-desist letter or a writ must be analysed before any admission, technical response or product modification. The firm checks the status of the patent asserted, construes its claims, examines the acts complained of and looks for arguments capable of affecting the validity of the right. That initial analysis makes it possible to structure the response, the negotiation or the court defence.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>You need to classify an employee invention<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ownership of an invention depends on the employee&rsquo;s duties, on the assignment given to them and on the circumstances in which the work was carried out. We assist companies with classifying the invention, handling the declaration, exercising any right of attribution and determining the additional remuneration or fair price (provided for by <a style=\"color:#d3c0a9\" href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000039279789\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">article L. 611-7 of the French Intellectual Property Code<\/a>).<\/p>\n\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-ac387c14\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-ac387c14\">\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full max461\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1150\" height=\"1965\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Fichier-13@2x.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1854 lazyload\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 1150px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 1150\/1965;object-fit:cover\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Fichier-13@2x.png 1150w, https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Fichier-13@2x-176x300.png 176w, https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Fichier-13@2x-599x1024.png 599w, https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Fichier-13@2x-768x1312.png 768w, https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Fichier-13@2x-899x1536.png 899w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 1150px) 100vw, 1150px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" \/><\/figure>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-br06sec\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-wrapper gb-grid-wrapper-br06grd\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-br06sl\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-br06sl\"><\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-br06mid\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-br06mid\">\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-5bfeab749c18774b22b6feb6fa0586a7\" style=\"color:#1a4454\"><strong>Intellectual property expertise brought to bear on your patent matters<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-br06txt\">\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The patent matters handled by Bouchara &amp; Avocats combine contractual, evidential and litigation issues. Our lawyers bring together the legal analysis of the patents and their claims with ownership of the rights, the contracts entered into, the available evidence and the objectives pursued in the transaction or the dispute.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">We represent our clients before the specialist French courts, in particular the Paris Judicial Court and the Paris Court of Appeal. Where a case has a particular technical or international dimension, we also coordinate the experts, patent attorneys and local counsel required.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-b5070e64205b0c4e3d48e61ca1cbcb72\" style=\"color:#1a4454;font-style:normal;font-weight:600\"><strong>Awards and rankings<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bouchara &amp; Avocats is regularly recognised by the leading French and international directories for its expertise in intellectual property and industrial property.<\/p>\n\n\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-wrapper gb-grid-wrapper-br06cards\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-br06c0\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-br06c0\">\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:15px\"><strong><span style=\"color: #1a4454;\">Chambers France 2026 &mdash; Intellectual Property: Trade Mark &amp; Copyright<\/span><\/strong><br>Vanessa Bouchara &mdash; Band 2, thirteen years in the rankings.<\/p>\n\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-br06c1\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-br06c1\">\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:15px\"><strong><span style=\"color: #1a4454;\">Legal 500 EMEA 2026 &mdash; France &mdash; Intellectual Property<\/span><\/strong><br>Bouchara &amp; Avocats &mdash; Tier 2 in Trade Marks and Designs and in Copyright.<\/p>\n\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-br06c2\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-br06c2\">\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:15px\"><strong><span style=\"color: #1a4454;\">D&eacute;cideurs | Leaders League 2026 &mdash; Industrial property<\/span><\/strong><br>Bouchara &amp; Avocats &mdash; &laquo;&nbsp;Highly recommended&nbsp;&raquo; in trade marks: litigation.<\/p>\n\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-br06c3\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-br06c3\">\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:15px\"><strong><span style=\"color: #1a4454;\">IP STARS &mdash; Managing IP 2026<\/span><\/strong><br>Bouchara &amp; Avocats &mdash; Trusted Talent Firm, Intellectual Property.<\/p>\n\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-br06c4\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-br06c4\">\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:15px\"><strong><span style=\"color: #1a4454;\">Lexology Index, formerly Who&rsquo;s Who Legal<\/span><\/strong><br>Vanessa Bouchara &mdash; Thought Leader, France, IP &ndash; Trademarks.<\/p>\n\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-br06c5\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-br06c5\">\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:15px\"><strong><span style=\"color: #1a4454;\">Best Law Firms in France 2026 &mdash; Intellectual Property Law<\/span><\/strong><br>Bouchara &amp; Avocats &mdash; Paris Tier 3.<\/p>\n\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-br06c6\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-br06c6\">\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:15px\"><strong><span style=\"color: #1a4454;\">Best Lawyers in France<\/span><\/strong><br>Vanessa Bouchara &mdash; Art Law and Intellectual Property Law, recognised since 2020.<\/p>\n\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-br-cta-458\">\n\n<p class=\"has-base-3-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color wp-elements-b18cefe006998cceefbaba133baca757 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#1a4454\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/en\/awards-rankings\/\"><strong>See our awards and rankings<\/strong> <img decoding=\"async\" width=\"25\" height=\"25\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/Fichier-25.svg\" alt=\"\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" class=\"lazyload\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 25px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 25\/25;\"><\/a><\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-br06sr\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-br06sr\"><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-br07sec\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-wrapper gb-grid-wrapper-br07grd\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-br07sl\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-br07sl\"><\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-br07mid\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-br07mid\">\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-6467c302e252ab60c6ce9ce74bed121d\" style=\"color:#1a4454\">Our <strong>working method<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-wrapper gb-grid-wrapper-br07cards\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-br07c0\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-br07c0\">\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-b30bc6cb3fd7f64be3d8224e82092af3\" style=\"color:#1a4454;font-style:normal;font-weight:600\"><strong>1. Framing the situation and the deadlines<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:16px\">We identify the patents, contracts and parties involved, the territories, the objectives of the transaction or dispute and any urgent deadlines.<\/p>\n\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-br07c1\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-br07c1\">\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-61421a668881216cf7b1dd04bdec6982\" style=\"color:#1a4454;font-style:normal;font-weight:600\"><strong>2. Analysis of the rights, the facts and the evidence<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:16px\">Our lawyers examine the patents and their claims, the contracts, the correspondence, the assignments and licences, the products or processes at issue and the available evidence.<\/p>\n\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-br07c2\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-br07c2\">\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-523576ed57a579e977cf6ebf127e4f1e\" style=\"color:#1a4454;font-style:normal;font-weight:600\"><strong>3. Comparison of the scenarios and recommendation<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:16px\">We compare the contractual, amicable, administrative and judicial options in terms of timing, legal risk, cost and commercial consequences.<\/p>\n\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-br07c3\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-br07c3\">\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-700ed6664d03dfea7bed0e0f47a8b355\" style=\"color:#1a4454;font-style:normal;font-weight:600\"><strong>4. Implementation and coordination<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"font-size:16px\">The firm prepares the contracts, letters, negotiations, evidence-gathering measures or proceedings decided upon, and coordinates the internal teams as well as the technical or international advisers involved in the matter.<\/p>\n\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-br07sr\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-br07sr\"><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-br08sec\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-wrapper gb-grid-wrapper-br08grd\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-br08sl\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-br08sl\"><\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-br08mid\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-br08mid\">\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-b4dbb2b18013743beb405b576858de2a\" style=\"color:#1a4454\">What does <strong>a patent protect?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-br08txt\">\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A patent protects a technical solution to a technical problem. To be patentable, the invention must be new, involve an inventive step and be capable of industrial application (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000019298703\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">French Intellectual Property Code, articles L. 611-10 et seq.<\/a>).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Protection does not extend to the product as a whole, but to the technical features defined by the claims. The way they are drafted therefore directly determines the scope of the patent and the ability to enforce it against a competitor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A mere idea is not patentable as such. It must be sufficiently developed and described to allow its technical features to be analysed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Depending on the nature of the innovation, the strategy may also draw on <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/en\/designs-and-models\/\">design rights<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/en\/literary-and-artistic-property-law\/\">copyright<\/a> or <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/en\/digital-law\/\">digital law<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-br08sr\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-br08sr\"><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-br09sec\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-wrapper gb-grid-wrapper-br09grd\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-br09sl\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-br09sl\"><\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-br09mid\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-br09mid\">\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-cccc232d6ae4bb79c892731642f86e1b\" style=\"color:#1a4454\">You hold a patent or a patent is asserted against you: <strong>which strategy should you adopt?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-br09txt\">\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A patent dispute is not handled in the same way depending on whether the company is seeking to stop an infringement or is facing an asserted patent. In both cases, our lawyers carry out a legal and technical analysis before taking any position.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table tableau-bouchara\"><table><thead><tr><th>Point to analyse<\/th><th>You are the patentee<\/th><th>Your company is the defendant<\/th><\/tr><\/thead><tbody><tr><td>The patent concerned<\/td><td>Check ownership, whether the patent is in force and the territories it covers.<\/td><td>Check the proprietor, the status, the territorial scope and the claims actually relied on.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>The technical comparison<\/td><td>Identify the claims that may be reproduced by the competing product or process.<\/td><td>Compare the acts complained of against each feature of the claims asserted.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Evidence and documents<\/td><td>Preserve the available material before making contact and determine whether an evidence-gathering measure is needed.<\/td><td>Preserve the documents recording the development, manufacture and marketing of the product, together with the exchanges with designers, suppliers and partners.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Deadlines<\/td><td>Identify the urgency, the risk of evidence disappearing and the time limits applying to the measures contemplated.<\/td><td>Check the deadlines for responding, the launch dates and the risk of an interim measure or an infringement seizure.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>The strength of the patent<\/td><td>Anticipate the invalidity arguments the defendant may raise in response to an action.<\/td><td>Search for prior art and arguments capable of limiting the scope or affecting the validity of the patent.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>The strategic response<\/td><td>Compare negotiation, a cease-and-desist letter, an infringement seizure, interim measures and proceedings on the merits.<\/td><td>Compare contesting the claims, negotiating a licence, seeking a settlement and defending the case in court.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The first step is to determine which claims are genuinely relevant and to compare them against the product, the process or the acts concerned. A general resemblance between two technologies is not enough to establish infringement.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The firm then examines the patents, the technical material, the contracts and the available evidence in order to assess the various scenarios. Where necessary, an infringement seizure allows material useful in proving the infringement to be described or seized, under a court order (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000028716713\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">French Intellectual Property Code, art. L. 615-5<\/a>).<\/p>\n\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-br09sr\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-br09sr\"><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-br10sec\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-wrapper gb-grid-wrapper-br10grd\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-br10sl\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-br10sl\"><\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-br10mid\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-br10mid\">\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-fabb452cb178f22a8221f947cc2b7842\" style=\"color:#1a4454\">French patent, European patent, Unitary Patent and PCT: <strong>what are the differences?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-br10txt\">\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The protection a patent confers depends on the territories it covers. There is no such thing as a patent that automatically takes effect worldwide.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-476810bad59689a0870c9434a19aff5b\" style=\"color:#1a4454;font-style:normal;font-weight:600\"><strong>The French patent<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Granted by <a href=\"https:\/\/www.inpi.fr\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">the INPI<\/a>, the French patent protects the invention on French territory. It can serve as a first filing before any extension abroad within the applicable priority period.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-415fc383ef076e105fd04422a302d756\" style=\"color:#1a4454;font-style:normal;font-weight:600\"><strong>The European patent<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A European patent application follows a centralised procedure before the European Patent Office. Once granted, the proprietor may seek validation in the States of their choice or, where the conditions are met, opt for unitary effect.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-737905022341cb493dbb56ffeafec248\" style=\"color:#1a4454;font-style:normal;font-weight:600\"><strong>The Unitary Patent<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The Unitary Patent has uniform effect across the Member States participating in the system. That centralisation can simplify its management, but it also means that a decision on its validity may take effect throughout all the States covered.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-f745770d6331eb3b68c320cbd6073c07\" style=\"color:#1a4454;font-style:normal;font-weight:600\"><strong>The PCT international application<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wipo.int\/fr\/web\/pct-system\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">PCT<\/a> is not a worldwide patent. It is a procedure allowing an international application to be filed before pursuing the process before the national or regional offices selected.<\/p>\n\n\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-br10call\">\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-973f006e89e776a4848233979cea091e wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#1a4454\">After a first filing, the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/en\/lexicon\/priority-period\/\">twelve-month priority period<\/a> must be taken into account for any extensions contemplated. An opposition against a European patent must, as a rule, be filed within nine months of publication of the mention of its grant.<\/p>\n\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-br10sr\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-br10sr\"><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-br11sec\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-wrapper gb-grid-wrapper-br11grd\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-br11sl\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-br11sl\"><\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-br11mid\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-br11mid\">\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-8db9e4f6632a544257ea39c4a94601c5\" style=\"color:#1a4454\">Would you like to audit a patent portfolio, <strong>secure a contract or defend an invention?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-br11txt\">\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Bouchara &amp; Avocats reviews your situation, identifies the deadlines and helps you compare the contractual, amicable and contentious options available.<\/p>\n\n\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-br-cta-673\">\n\n<p class=\"has-base-3-background-color has-text-color has-background has-link-color wp-elements-93615737d3ace7de879254cf7dc7ab61 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#1a4454\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/en\/contact\/\"><strong>Secure an invention or a contract<\/strong> <img decoding=\"async\" width=\"25\" height=\"25\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/Fichier-25.svg\" alt=\"\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" class=\"lazyload\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 25px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 25\/25;\"><\/a><\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n\n\n<iframe data-src=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/maps\/embed?pb=!1m18!1m12!1m3!1d2624.3403448683143!2d2.3055189767565687!3d48.87078809983363!2m3!1f0!2f0!3f0!3m2!1i1024!2i768!4f13.1!3m3!1m2!1s0x47e66fc2c574e895%3A0x3447abd0380ba507!2sBouchara%20%26%20Avocats%20-%20Avocats%20droit%20des%20marques%20et%20propri%C3%A9t%C3%A9%20intellectuelle!5e0!3m2!1sfr!2sfr!4v1784107626501!5m2!1sfr!2sfr\" width=\"100%\" height=\"450\" style=\"border:0;\" allowfullscreen=\"\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" src=\"about:blank\" class=\"lazyload\" data-load-mode=\"0\"><\/iframe><br><br>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-br11sr\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-br11sr\"><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-7bdc0f40 team\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-wrapper gb-grid-wrapper-c15b61c3\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-2dd88fd9\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-2dd88fd9\"><\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-58622d95\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-58622d95\">\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-c3bc1da989811abf71ef566b90e1c592\" style=\"color:#1a4454\">Intellectual Property Lawyers <span style=\"font-weight: 200;\"><strong>Team<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-defd13e7\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-defd13e7\"><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-73196bbc\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-wrapper gb-grid-wrapper-286aca43\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-4f162a59\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-4f162a59\"><\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-a882f3c7\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-a882f3c7\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-wrapper gb-grid-wrapper-27d77866\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-a36d5767\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-a36d5767\">\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full hover-image hover-vanessa\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"752\" height=\"1000\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/Vanessa-vert-1.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3453 lazyload\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/Vanessa-vert-1.png 752w, https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/Vanessa-vert-1-226x300.png 226w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 752px) 100vw, 752px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 752px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 752\/1000;\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-6bae38ed\">\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-4ed88a5b7c6d37b3324d5e9ffb7a6de8 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#1a4454\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/en\/vanessa-bouchara\/\"><strong>Vanessa Bouchara<\/strong><\/a><br><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/en\/vanessa-bouchara\/\">Founding partner<\/a><\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-ecdd04cd\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-ecdd04cd\">\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full hover-image hover-adele\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"751\" height=\"1000\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/Ade\u0300le-MAIER-beige-2-1.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3518 lazyload\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/Ade\u0300le-MAIER-beige-2-1.png 751w, https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/Ade\u0300le-MAIER-beige-2-1-225x300.png 225w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 751px) 100vw, 751px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 751px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 751\/1000;\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-6e37d879\">\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-4d1b7e16\">\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-d8263a22fff74530d7610c436cc3c190 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#1a4454\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/en\/adele-maier\/\"><strong>Adele Maier<\/strong><\/a><br><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/en\/our-team\/\">Partner<\/a><\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-5c50e03f\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-5c50e03f\">\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full hover-image hover-louise\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"751\" height=\"1000\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/Louise-LACROIX-vert-1.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3473 lazyload\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/Louise-LACROIX-vert-1.png 751w, https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/Louise-LACROIX-vert-1-225x300.png 225w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 751px) 100vw, 751px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 751px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 751\/1000;\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-b4130add\">\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-795dbbad\">\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-b40b4d879ff378db2ae5f1569ae91993 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#1a4454\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/en\/en\/louise-lacroix\/\"><strong>Louise Lacroix<\/strong><\/a><br><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/en\/louise-lacroix\/\">Partner<\/a><\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-5164331e\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-5164331e\">\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full hover-image hover-claire\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1086\" height=\"1448\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/wp-content\/smush-webp\/2026\/07\/ChatGPT-Image-6-juil.-2026-18_31_54.png.webp\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-20651 lazyload\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/wp-content\/smush-webp\/2026\/07\/ChatGPT-Image-6-juil.-2026-18_31_54.png.webp 1086w, https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/wp-content\/smush-webp\/2026\/07\/ChatGPT-Image-6-juil.-2026-18_31_54-225x300.png.webp 225w, https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/wp-content\/smush-webp\/2026\/07\/ChatGPT-Image-6-juil.-2026-18_31_54-768x1024.png.webp 768w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 1086px) 100vw, 1086px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 1086px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 1086\/1448;\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-93a281d4\">\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-db38e8d3\">\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-93c7da6017e03a8055e19c45c60ea8a4 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#1a4454\"><strong>Kelly Brakha<\/strong><br>Lawyer<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-1c4fe355\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-1c4fe355\"><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-c912b48a\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-wrapper gb-grid-wrapper-93db65e8\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-e0dcc2e7\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-e0dcc2e7\"><\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-53aa7dc8\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-53aa7dc8\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-wrapper gb-grid-wrapper-e2940a9a\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-b0865a28\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-b0865a28\">\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full hover-image hover-gerard\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"376\" height=\"500\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/gerardv.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-14006 lazyload\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/gerardv.png 376w, https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/02\/gerardv-226x300.png 226w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 376px) 100vw, 376px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 376px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 376\/500;\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-10eaebf7\">\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-14ec59d4\">\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-68b709a353c299f44c005a5c90628200 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#1a4454\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/en\/gerard-gabriel\/\"><strong>G\u00e9rard-Gabriel Lamoureux<\/strong><\/a><br><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/en\/gerard-gabriel\/\">of counsel<\/a><\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-4c84e5d1\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-4c84e5d1\"><\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-182f0f07\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-182f0f07\"><\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-4c7f2c81\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-4c7f2c81\"><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-25652ab5\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-25652ab5\"><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-br12sec\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-wrapper gb-grid-wrapper-br12grd\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-br12sl\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-br12sl\"><\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-br12mid\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-br12mid\">\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-bc9e8f7aa93888c395415d259f7c46d0\" style=\"color:#1a4454\"><strong>FAQ<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-br12txt\">\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-8b38c5db99ff4ee90c20b8ed27e521da\" style=\"color:#1a4454;font-style:normal;font-weight:600\"><strong>How do you protect an invention developed with a partner?<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">An agreement must define each party&rsquo;s background knowledge, ownership of the results, filing decisions, the allocation of costs, exploitation rights and the treatment of improvements. It must be signed before the collaboration produces significant results. The firm prepares these agreements and checks that they are consistent with the contracts entered into with the employees, suppliers and laboratories involved.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-53266be2f747a9bc8ad892b2dd5aac3a\" style=\"color:#1a4454;font-style:normal;font-weight:600\"><strong>Can you act where a competitor&rsquo;s patent appears too broad?<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">An overly broad patent can be challenged where the legal conditions are met. Depending on its stage and its nature, several routes may be considered: opposition before the EPO, an <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/en\/lexicon\/invalidity-action\/\">invalidity action<\/a>, a declaration of non-infringement or limitation of the patent. A sense that the patent covers too much of a market is not enough: a precise legal basis must be identified and the relevant prior art assembled.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-f9bc2df3c529f1cdd52548e0ed7147e5\" style=\"color:#1a4454;font-style:normal;font-weight:600\"><strong>How is the loss caused by patent infringement assessed?<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The assessment takes into account the lost profits and the losses sustained, moral prejudice and the profits made by the infringer. As an alternative, the court may award a lump sum higher than the royalties that would have been due had a licence been sought (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000028716670\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">French Intellectual Property Code, art. L. 615-7<\/a>).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-4f9c2a33262554017ba13261a0863ed0\" style=\"color:#1a4454;font-style:normal;font-weight:600\"><strong>When should you bring proceedings before the UPC rather than a French court?<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The choice depends on the nature of the patent, its status, the countries concerned and whether an opt-out has been filed. Disputes concerning a Unitary Patent fall within the jurisdiction of the UPC. For some classic European patents, the position has to be checked against the transitional regime and any proceedings already on foot. The firm analyses these parameters before recommending the appropriate forum and procedural strategy (<a href=\"https:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/LexUriServ\/LexUriServ.do?uri=OJ:C:2013:175:0001:0040:fr:PDF\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">UPC Agreement, arts. 32 and 83<\/a>).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-739f4649cfb7f4442a54a49759492088\" style=\"color:#1a4454;font-style:normal;font-weight:600\"><strong>How should you prepare for a first meeting with a patent lawyer?<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">You can send us the patent concerned, the contracts, the relevant correspondence and the main deadlines. A short timeline of the project will also help us identify the priority points more quickly. All this technical and sensitive information is provided to us under the professional secrecy that attaches to exchanges with a lawyer.<\/p>\n\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-br12sr\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-br12sr\"><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-3f2de77f\">\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-a2530a40\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-wrapper gb-grid-wrapper-95c119aa\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-35c00ae3\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-35c00ae3\"><\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-c126b248\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-c126b248\">\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-932dfc8f\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-932dfc8f\"><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-a2530a40\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-wrapper gb-grid-wrapper-95c119aa\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-35c00ae3\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-35c00ae3\"><\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-c126b248\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-c126b248\">\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-3ff76232b4d8d58213196f96389413e0\" style=\"color:#1a4454\">Areas&nbsp;<strong>of focus<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-932dfc8f\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-932dfc8f\"><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-4184a84b\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-wrapper gb-grid-wrapper-a0cc954a\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-dea781a4\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-dea781a4\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-wrapper gb-grid-wrapper-9cf48f29\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-c38968bd\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-c38968bd\">\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/Fichier-8.svg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-880 lazyload\" style=\"width:27px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" \/><\/figure>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-bdcefc4d\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-bdcefc4d\">\n\n<p class=\"has-contrast-2-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-76f7f92a2227b5e0b278a8b601b02303 wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/en\/unfair-competition\/\">UNFAIR COMPETITION<\/a><\/p>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-57e51240\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-57e51240\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-wrapper gb-grid-wrapper-6bd7a673\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-e77f2aeb\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-e77f2aeb\">\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/Fichier-8.svg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-880 lazyload\" style=\"width:27px;height:auto\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" \/><\/figure>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-9c6b9fcb\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-9c6b9fcb\">\n\n<p class=\"has-contrast-2-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-485c02bb440cdfaa04d5abe500523bb9 wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/en\/trademark-law\/\" data-type=\"page\" data-id=\"1008\">TRADEMARKS<\/a><\/p>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-wrapper gb-grid-wrapper-9e0c7c66\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-62d7fec9\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-62d7fec9\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-wrapper gb-grid-wrapper-83b17ad7\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-d55de8f5\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-d55de8f5\">\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Fichier-2.svg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1928 lazyload\" style=\"width:27px;height:auto\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" \/><\/figure>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-a4fe662a\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-a4fe662a\">\n\n<p class=\"has-contrast-2-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-8b9af268783b130204ee34a5b7b81902 wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/en\/industrial-property-law\/\" data-type=\"page\" data-id=\"1872\">INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY<\/a><\/p>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-00aac516\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-00aac516\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-wrapper gb-grid-wrapper-841cbe4f\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-59efd0f2\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-59efd0f2\">\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/Fichier-1.svg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-871 lazyload\" style=\"width:27px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" \/><\/figure>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-5ee284fc\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-5ee284fc\">\n\n<p class=\"has-contrast-2-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-656af3791af98c2d652a9df6374eaba0 wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/en\/digital-law\/\" data-type=\"page\" data-id=\"1851\">DIGITAL LAW<\/a><\/p>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-wrapper gb-grid-wrapper-a18d283a\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-a04781e7\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-a04781e7\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-wrapper gb-grid-wrapper-1c43f3e6\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-f51409b1\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-f51409b1\">\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/Fichier-3.svg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-874 lazyload\" style=\"width:27px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" \/><\/figure>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-a938e860\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-a938e860\">\n\n<p class=\"has-contrast-2-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-835871e49b9aa010757ee64a9d85d6f4 wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/en\/designs-and-models\/\">DESIGNS<\/a><\/p>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-408dc6e6\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-408dc6e6\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-wrapper gb-grid-wrapper-01edc7c0\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-5429fea9\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-5429fea9\">\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/Fichier-3.svg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-874 lazyload\" style=\"width:27px;height:auto\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" \/><\/figure>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-91d4df81\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-91d4df81\">\n\n<p class=\"has-contrast-2-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-19ab3d428e129f0d17a7b76909bb6360 wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/en\/literary-and-artistic-property-law\/\" data-type=\"page\" data-id=\"1878\">LITERARY AND ARTISTIC PROPERTY<\/a><\/p>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-wrapper gb-grid-wrapper-6fd07591\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-9bb3939a\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-9bb3939a\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-wrapper gb-grid-wrapper-b4c27dd7\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-258a509b\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-258a509b\">\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/Fichier-4.svg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-876 lazyload\" style=\"width:27px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" \/><\/figure>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-6dbb1141\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-6dbb1141\">\n\n<p class=\"has-contrast-2-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-aa32f53d676cea5a4bd010d2338571d4 wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/en\/copyright\/\">COPYRIGHTS<\/a><\/p>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-778a051f\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-778a051f\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-wrapper gb-grid-wrapper-312a887e\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-99b1ce02\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-99b1ce02\">\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/Fichier-4.svg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-876 lazyload\" style=\"width:27px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" \/><\/figure>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-aadf7887\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-aadf7887\">\n\n<p class=\"has-contrast-2-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-2c524b790023b7fb59131cba638f606f wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/en\/advertising-law\/\">ADVERTISING<\/a><\/p>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-wrapper gb-grid-wrapper-92f3c93c\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-d1d4b039\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-d1d4b039\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-wrapper gb-grid-wrapper-2d68fd8b\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-ac358f94\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-ac358f94\">\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/Fichier-5.svg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-877 lazyload\" style=\"width:27px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" \/><\/figure>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-912f8aba\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-912f8aba\">\n\n<p class=\"has-contrast-2-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-f755f99a282c9d15a08cd4bc040cd685 wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/en\/intellectual-property-law\/\" data-type=\"page\" data-id=\"6923\">INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY<\/a><\/p>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-88fa0a29\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-88fa0a29\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-wrapper gb-grid-wrapper-3eab33bf\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-1916bba3\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-1916bba3\">\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/Fichier-5.svg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-877 lazyload\" style=\"width:27px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" \/><\/figure>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-66150fa5\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-66150fa5\">\n\n<p class=\"has-contrast-2-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-e690d999281b4506305c893d71889a08 wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/en\/rgpd-and-data-protection\/\">GDPR &amp; PERSONAL DATA<\/a><\/p>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-wrapper gb-grid-wrapper-a68e0105\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-19b01442\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-19b01442\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-wrapper gb-grid-wrapper-bc1822f5\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-81cab2bb\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-81cab2bb\"><\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-49747f0c\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-49747f0c\"><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-9683fbca\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-9683fbca\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-wrapper gb-grid-wrapper-67e0763f\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-33307d38\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-33307d38\">\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/Fichier-5.svg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-877 lazyload\" style=\"width:27px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" \/><\/figure>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-0422467f\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-0422467f\">\n\n<p class=\"has-contrast-2-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-3c8f00669d64582cd0024da13d5b3f53 wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/en\/entertainment-media\/\" data-type=\"page\" data-id=\"1872\">ENTERTAINMENT &amp; MEDIA<\/a><\/p>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-wrapper gb-grid-wrapper-enrow0\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-en00c\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-en00c\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-wrapper gb-grid-wrapper-en00g\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-en00i\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-en00i\">\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/Fichier-8.svg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-880 lazyload\" style=\"width:27px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" \/><\/figure>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-en00t\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-en00t\">\n\n<p class=\"has-contrast-2-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-d67b190df90f9e4fccd02addab5aa057 wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/en\/e-commerce-law\/\" data-type=\"page\" data-id=\"20953\">E-COMMERCE<\/a><\/p>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-en01c\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-en01c\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-wrapper gb-grid-wrapper-en01g\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-en01i\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-en01i\">\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/Fichier-8.svg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-880 lazyload\" style=\"width:27px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" \/><\/figure>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-en01t\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-en01t\">\n\n<p class=\"has-contrast-2-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-a91ed94f761a6a78609995e287667573 wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/en\/trade-secrets-law\/\" data-type=\"page\" data-id=\"20954\">TRADE SECRETS<\/a><\/p>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-wrapper gb-grid-wrapper-enrow1\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-en10c\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-en10c\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-wrapper gb-grid-wrapper-en10g\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-en10i\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-en10i\">\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/Fichier-1.svg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-871 lazyload\" style=\"width:27px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" \/><\/figure>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-en10t\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-en10t\">\n\n<p class=\"has-contrast-2-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-52434409a0adce0bc1a75f4f5d7ebeb7 wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/en\/domain-name-law\/\" data-type=\"page\" data-id=\"20956\">DOMAIN NAMES<\/a><\/p>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-en11c\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-en11c\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-wrapper gb-grid-wrapper-en11g\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-en11i\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-en11i\">\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/Fichier-1.svg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-871 lazyload\" style=\"width:27px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" \/><\/figure>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-en11t\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-en11t\">\n\n<p class=\"has-contrast-2-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-289c4bb6f280ec2490261ae90e493ab2 wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/en\/image-rights-law\/\" data-type=\"page\" data-id=\"20958\">IMAGE RIGHTS<\/a><\/p>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-wrapper gb-grid-wrapper-enrow2\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-en20c\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-en20c\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-wrapper gb-grid-wrapper-en20g\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-en20i\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-en20i\">\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/Fichier-3.svg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-874 lazyload\" style=\"width:27px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" \/><\/figure>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-en20t\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-en20t\">\n\n<p class=\"has-contrast-2-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-c5a1d18b584a773b1ba037a5b165524b wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/en\/commercial-disparagement\/\" data-type=\"page\" data-id=\"20960\">COMMERCIAL DISPARAGEMENT<\/a><\/p>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-en21c\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-en21c\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-wrapper gb-grid-wrapper-en21g\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-en21i\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-en21i\">\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/Fichier-3.svg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-874 lazyload\" style=\"width:27px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" \/><\/figure>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-en21t\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-en21t\">\n\n<p class=\"has-contrast-2-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-df35bae7b4ba294fcb39ee03d7cc9ea5 wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/en\/patent-law\/\" data-type=\"page\" data-id=\"20962\">PATENTS<\/a><\/p>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-wrapper gb-grid-wrapper-enrow3\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-en30c\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-en30c\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-wrapper gb-grid-wrapper-en30g\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-en30i\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-en30i\">\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/Fichier-4.svg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-876 lazyload\" style=\"width:27px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" \/><\/figure>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-en30t\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-en30t\">\n\n<p class=\"has-contrast-2-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-3ae8feaaa74ea6dd82536748cd037cca wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/en\/software-and-database-law\/\" data-type=\"page\" data-id=\"20964\">SOFTWARE &amp; DATABASES<\/a><\/p>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-en31c\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-en31c\"><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-20962","page","type-page","status-publish"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/20962","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=20962"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/20962\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":20979,"href":"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/20962\/revisions\/20979"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=20962"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}