{"id":21845,"date":"2026-08-06T10:00:00","date_gmt":"2026-08-06T08:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/?page_id=21845"},"modified":"2026-08-06T15:37:57","modified_gmt":"2026-08-06T13:37:57","slug":"cnil-inspections-and-sanctions","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/en\/cnil-inspections-and-sanctions\/","title":{"rendered":"CNIL lawyer in Paris: inspections, formal notices and sanctions"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-c289977d\">\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-cover\" style=\"min-height:430px;aspect-ratio:unset;\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"2880\" height=\"1920\" class=\"wp-block-cover__image-background wp-image-18346 lazyload\" alt=\"CNIL lawyer in Paris\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/numerique-scaled.jpg\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 2880px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 2880\/1920;object-position:50% 50%\" data-object-fit=\"cover\" data-object-position=\"50% 50%\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/numerique-scaled.jpg 2880w, https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/numerique-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/numerique-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/numerique-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/numerique-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/numerique-2048x1365.jpg 2048w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 2880px) 100vw, 2880px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" \/><span aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-cover__background has-background-dim\" style=\"background-color:#01615a\"><\/span><div class=\"wp-block-cover__inner-container is-layout-flow wp-block-cover-is-layout-flow\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-wrapper gb-grid-wrapper-62d80722\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-490d46df\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-490d46df\"><\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-6ac37bbc\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-6ac37bbc\">\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading has-base-3-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-6831e14ade6bde510ddc630808f4185f\" style=\"font-size:50px\"><strong>CNIL lawyer in Paris: inspections, formal notices and sanctions<\/strong><\/h1>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-961dd949\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-961dd949\"><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-ac3eb88f\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-wrapper gb-grid-wrapper-0bfcaff8\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-ff6c3598\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-ff6c3598\"><\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-e8549fa1\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-e8549fa1\">\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Have you received a questionnaire, an inspection decision, a formal notice or a rapporteur\u2019s report? The content of your first reply can weigh on the entire rest of the procedure.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Our lawyers help you define the scope of the checks, reconstruct the facts, gather the relevant evidence, correct any breaches and challenge the allegations where the facts or the law justify it.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Based in Paris, Cabinet Bouchara &amp; Avocats advises companies, legal departments, DPOs, platforms, software publishers, agencies and e-retailers facing a complaint or a CNIL procedure.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Would you like a CNIL letter or decision reviewed?<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/en\/contact\/\"><strong>Contact our team.<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>You have just received a letter from the CNIL: what should you do?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">As soon as the letter arrives, the firm helps you understand the scope of the procedure, assess the risks and organise the first steps. This support centralises communications, avoids contradictory replies and preserves the time needed to prepare the company\u2019s defence.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Our lawyers assist you in order to:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n\n<li>characterise the request, its scope, the deadlines and the entities concerned;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>coordinate the legal department, the DPO, the CISO and the operational teams;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>preserve the relevant documents, communications and technical evidence;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>identify urgent measures and prepare the points to be explained or challenged.<\/li>\n\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Where a fix is deployed during the procedure, we make sure its date, scope and effectiveness are documented, while keeping the material needed to trace the previous situation.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>How we support you through CNIL procedures<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>On-site, documentary, online and summons inspections<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">La <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/en\/lexicon\/national-commission-for-information-technology-and-civil-liberties-cnil\/\">CNIL<\/a> may combine several inspection methods in a single case. An online check may, for example, be followed by a questionnaire or an on-site inspection (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/loda\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000049579278\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">French Data Protection Act, art. 19<\/a> ; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cnil.fr\/fr\/reglement-europeen-protection-donnees\/chapitre6#Article58\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">RGPD, art. 58<\/a>).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The firm acts to:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n\n<li>analyse the inspection decision and the powers exercised by the officers;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>determine which processing operations, tools, entities and providers fall within the scope;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>prepare the company\u2019s representatives and the individuals likely to be questioned;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>coordinate the collection of contracts, records, policies, data extracts and technical evidence;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>assist the company during an on-site inspection or a hearing;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>review the report drawn up after an on-site, online or hearing inspection and, where necessary, submit observations;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>prepare the replies and additional documents requested after the inspection.<\/li>\n\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">During an online inspection, we compare the CNIL\u2019s findings with how the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/en\/digital-law\/\">website, application or platform<\/a> actually works: trackers, forms, consent journeys, interfaces, user accounts and processing visible remotely.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Responding to information requests following a complaint<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A complaint from a customer, an employee, a prospect or a user may lead the CNIL to question the company about how it handled the request and, more broadly, about its practices (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/loda\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000054142440\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">French Data Protection Act, art. 8, I, 2\u00b0, d<\/a>).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">We reconstruct the timeline of the exchanges, the searches actually carried out and the systems involved. The reply is built around three elements: the verified facts, their legal analysis and the available supporting evidence.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">This method makes it possible to spot a reply left sitting in a tool, a search limited to a single database, a misidentified controller or a gap between the internal procedure and actual practice.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Responding to a CNIL formal notice<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">A formal notice lists the breaches identified and the measures expected within a set deadline. It is not in itself a sanction, but it calls for a substantiated reply.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">For each allegation, we establish:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n\n<li>the facts on which the CNIL bases its analysis;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>the rule invoked and how it applies to the processing concerned;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>the arguments open to debate;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>the corrective measures required;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>the operational owner and deadline for each action;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>the documents, tests or screenshots proving they were carried out.<\/li>\n\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The reply therefore cannot rest on new policies alone. It must show that the announced measures genuinely work in the company\u2019s tools and processes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Defence before the restricted committee<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In sanction proceedings, we analyse the rapporteur\u2019s report, the case file and the legal characterisation of each breach.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">We prepare the written observations, organise input from the legal and technical teams, and assist or represent the organisation before the restricted committee.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The defence may address whether the facts are established, the role of the entity prosecuted, the legal characterisation, the scope of the processing, the measures already taken and the proportionality of the proposed sanction.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The strategy must also take into account the seriousness and duration of the facts, the number of data subjects, the nature of the data, the level of cooperation and the steps taken to limit the consequences of the breach (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.cnil.fr\/fr\/reglement-europeen-protection-donnees\/chapitre8\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">RGPD, art. 83, \u00a7 2<\/a>).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Appealing a CNIL decision<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">CNIL sanctions and formal notices issued by its chair can be challenged before the Conseil d\u2019\u00c9tat (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000052535673\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">French Code of Administrative Justice, art. R. 311-1, 4\u00b0<\/a>).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The firm reviews the procedural regularity, whether the facts are established, their characterisation, the reasoning of the decision and the proportionality of the measures imposed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The time limit for appeal is in principle two months from notification for an organisation located in France and four months for an organisation located abroad (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000039807005\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">French Code of Administrative Justice, art. R. 421-1<\/a> et <a href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/codes\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000034355427\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">R. 421-7<\/a>).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Examples of situations we handle<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Trackers are detected before consent is collected<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">An online inspection reveals that advertising cookies are dropped before consent is collected. The cookie banner and the privacy policy do not match the trackers actually present on the site.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">We analyse the CMP settings, the tag manager, the trackers fired, earlier versions of the site and any work carried out by providers. The fixes are dated, tested and backed by evidence of deployment.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>A complaint concerns a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/en\/lexicon\/right-of-access\/\">right of access request<\/a><\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The reply sent to the user does not cover the data held in the CRM, the support tool, the archives or the environments operated by providers.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">We reconstruct how the request was handled, the checks performed and the sources searched, in order to determine whether the disagreement concerns the deadline, the scope of the search or the legal limits on disclosure.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>The CNIL questions the company after a data breach<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The questions concern the incident timeline, the security measures, the risk assessment, the notification and the containment actions.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">With the DPO, the CISO and the providers involved, we reconstruct the incident timeline and justify the decisions taken on the basis of the information available at each stage.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>An employee monitoring system is challenged<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The CNIL examines a CCTV, geolocation or activity-monitoring system.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">We analyse its purpose, its proportionality, the information given to employees, access rights, retention periods and any consultations required. We separate the settings that must be changed from the arguments that justify the system.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-9c05c92e\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-9c05c92e\"><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-24ef29c4\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-wrapper gb-grid-wrapper-0bf72958\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-e820e88b\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-e820e88b\"><\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-1b7e4ff1\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-1b7e4ff1\">\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-b193f94c\">\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-617d9781b2f6db83f7dd258e6826059d\" style=\"color:#1a4454\">Personal data and digital law <span style=\"font-weight: 200;\"><strong>team<\/strong><\/span><\/h2>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-064f019a\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-064f019a\"><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-731ad379 team\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-wrapper gb-grid-wrapper-ddfcbab6\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-491b9af7\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-491b9af7\"><\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-ce4e339f\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-ce4e339f\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-wrapper gb-grid-wrapper-3c441fb5\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-5c9210b1\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-5c9210b1\">\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full hover-image hover-vanessa\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"752\" height=\"1000\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/Vanessa-vert-1.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-3453 lazyload\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/Vanessa-vert-1.png 752w, https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/02\/Vanessa-vert-1-226x300.png 226w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 752px) 100vw, 752px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 752px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 752\/1000;\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-6e6e010d\">\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-4ed88a5b7c6d37b3324d5e9ffb7a6de8 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#1a4454\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/en\/vanessa-bouchara\/\"><strong>Vanessa Bouchara<\/strong><\/a><br><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/en\/vanessa-bouchara\/\">Founding partner<\/a><\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-9b8f6c5c\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-9b8f6c5c\">\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full hover-image hover-claire\"><img decoding=\"async\" width=\"1086\" height=\"1448\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/wp-content\/smush-webp\/2026\/07\/ChatGPT-Image-6-juil.-2026-18_31_54.png.webp\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-20651 lazyload\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/wp-content\/smush-webp\/2026\/07\/ChatGPT-Image-6-juil.-2026-18_31_54.png.webp 1086w, https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/wp-content\/smush-webp\/2026\/07\/ChatGPT-Image-6-juil.-2026-18_31_54-225x300.png.webp 225w, https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/wp-content\/smush-webp\/2026\/07\/ChatGPT-Image-6-juil.-2026-18_31_54-768x1024.png.webp 768w\" data-sizes=\"(max-width: 1086px) 100vw, 1086px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" style=\"--smush-placeholder-width: 1086px; --smush-placeholder-aspect-ratio: 1086\/1448;\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-94af0543\">\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-ecb57676\">\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-93c7da6017e03a8055e19c45c60ea8a4 wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#1a4454\"><strong>Kelly Brakha<\/strong><br>Lawyer<\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-3e6aec01\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-3e6aec01\"><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-2940b69f\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-wrapper gb-grid-wrapper-e5080e91\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-43840149\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-43840149\"><\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-efd0620a\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-efd0620a\">\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Cabinet Bouchara &amp; Avocats advises and represents its clients in both advisory and litigation matters in personal data and digital law.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The firm also acts as an external DPO for controllers and processors.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Awards<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Cabinet Bouchara &amp; Avocats is regularly recognised for its expertise in data law, cybersecurity and digital platforms.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>D\u00e9cideurs | Leaders League 2026 \u2014 Data law and cybersecurity<\/strong><br>Cabinet Bouchara &amp; Avocats \u2014 \u201cStrong reputation\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>D\u00e9cideurs | Leaders League 2026 \u2014 Digital platforms and applications law<\/strong><br>Cabinet Bouchara &amp; Avocats \u2014 \u201cStrong reputation\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>D\u00e9cideurs | Leaders League 2025 \u2014 Advertising &amp; Marketing law<\/strong><br>Bouchara &amp; Avocats \u2014 \u201cHighly regarded practice\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-491012f95a86ebdee8f6c14df8a0d24d wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#707070;font-size:16px\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/en\/awards-rankings\/\">See our awards and rankings<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>CNIL inspections and sanctions: the essentials<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">La <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cnil.fr\/fr\/professionnel\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">CNIL<\/a> monitors compliance with the GDPR and the French Data Protection Act by controllers and processors. Its inspections may follow a complaint, form part of its annual programme or be decided because a sector or a practice is in the news (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.cnil.fr\/fr\/reglement-europeen-protection-donnees\/chapitre6#Article57\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">GDPR, art. 57 and 58<\/a> ; French Data Protection Act, art. 8 and 19).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">At the end of its investigations, the CNIL may close the file, issue a formal notice or open sanction proceedings. The restricted committee may in particular issue <strong>a reprimand, an injunction with a periodic penalty payment, a restriction or ban on processing, a suspension of data flows or an administrative fine<\/strong> (GDPR, art. 58, \u00a7 2 ; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/loda\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000049578536\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">French Data Protection Act, art. 20, IV<\/a>).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The decision may be made public. A procedure must therefore be assessed in the light of the legal risk, but also of its consequences for the business, its reputation and its relationships with clients and partners (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/loda\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000049578561\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">French Data Protection Act, art. 22<\/a>).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>For questions about audits, contracts, records, impact assessments or the overall organisation of compliance, see our expertise in <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/en\/rgpd-and-data-protection\/\"><strong>GDPR and personal data protection.<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-4da55ea7\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-4da55ea7\"><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-7b1e4d20\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-wrapper gb-grid-wrapper-c4a90f31\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-2f81ba55\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-2f81ba55\"><\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-a1d7c6e4\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-a1d7c6e4\">\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>FAQ<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Can the CNIL open sanction proceedings without a prior formal notice?<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Yes. The CNIL can open sanction proceedings without a prior formal notice (French Data Protection Act, art. 20, IV).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Does calling in a lawyer suspend an on-site inspection?<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The company may ask to be assisted by its counsel, but the inspection does not stop while waiting for them to arrive (French Data Protection Act, art. 19, II; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cnil.fr\/sites\/default\/files\/2023-07\/cnil-charte_des_controles.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">CNIL inspection charter, p. 10<\/a>). An internal protocol for immediately alerting management, the DPO and the lawyer is therefore useful.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>What is the difference between the ordinary and the simplified procedure?<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The simplified procedure covers cases that raise no particular difficulty. The chair of the restricted committee or an appointed member rules alone; the fine is capped at EUR 20,000 and the decision cannot be published (<a href=\"https:\/\/www.legifrance.gouv.fr\/loda\/article_lc\/LEGIARTI000049578561\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">French Data Protection Act, art. 22-1<\/a>). The ordinary procedure is collegiate, is not subject to the EUR 20,000 cap and can lead to a published decision.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>What is the maximum amount of a CNIL fine?<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Depending on the category of breach, the fine can reach EUR 10 million or 2% of worldwide annual turnover, or even EUR 20 million or 4%, whichever is higher (GDPR, art. 83, \u00a7\u00a7 4 to 6; French Data Protection Act, art. 20, IV, 7\u00b0). The amount depends on the specific circumstances of the case and does not capture the full range of risks: an injunction, a ban on processing, a periodic penalty payment or publication of the decision can have major operational consequences.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Is your company facing a CNIL procedure?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Have you received a letter or a decision from the CNIL? Send us the document, its notification date and the deadline stated, so that our team can identify the first steps to take.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-left has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-b68368ff6d34200bdc688cac4f8e5e8e wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#707070;font-size:16px\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/en\/contact\/\"><strong>Contact Cabinet Bouchara &amp; Avocats<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-d90c73af\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-d90c73af\"><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-3c4c78d2\">\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-34cb654e\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-wrapper gb-grid-wrapper-3e967e82\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-1f545d19\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-1f545d19\">\n\n<iframe data-src=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/maps\/embed?pb=!1m18!1m12!1m3!1d2624.3403448683143!2d2.3055189767565687!3d48.87078809983363!2m3!1f0!2f0!3f0!3m2!1i1024!2i768!4f13.1!3m3!1m2!1s0x47e66fc2c574e895%3A0x3447abd0380ba507!2sBouchara%20%26%20Avocats%20-%20Avocats%20droit%20des%20marques%20et%20propri%C3%A9t%C3%A9%20intellectuelle!5e0!3m2!1sfr!2sfr!4v1784107626501!5m2!1sfr!2sfr\" width=\"100%\" height=\"450\" style=\"border:0;\" allowfullscreen=\"\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" src=\"about:blank\" class=\"lazyload\" data-load-mode=\"0\"><\/iframe>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-6886f774\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-6886f774\">\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Meet our team in Paris<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-b2e53a555d8efa841560b69cb218ae4b wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"color:#707070\">Cabinet Bouchara &amp; Avocats welcomes companies at its offices in the 8th arrondissement of Paris.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\">\n{\n\"@context\": \"https:\/\/schema.org\",\n\"@type\": [\"LegalService\", \"Attorney\"],\n\"@id\": \"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/#legalservice-paris\",\n\"name\": \"Cabinet Bouchara & Avocats \u2013 Paris\",\n\"url\": \"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/en\/cnil-inspections-and-sanctions\/\",\n\"logo\": { \"@id\": \"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/#logo\" },\n\"image\": { \"@id\": \"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/#logo\" },\n\"telephone\": \"+33 1 42 25 42 30\",\n\"address\": {\n\"@type\": \"PostalAddress\",\n\"streetAddress\": \"17 rue du Colis\u00e9e\",\n\"addressLocality\": \"Paris\",\n\"postalCode\": \"75008\",\n\"addressRegion\": \"\u00cele-de-France\",\n\"addressCountry\": \"FR\"\n},\n\"geo\": {\n\"@type\": \"GeoCoordinates\",\n\"latitude\": 48.8707881,\n\"longitude\": 2.3055190\n},\n\"areaServed\": { \"@type\": \"City\", \"name\": \"Paris\" },\n\"parentOrganization\": { \"@id\": \"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/#organization\" }\n}\n<\/script>\n<section class=\"cb-nap\" aria-labelledby=\"cb-nap-paris\">\n<style>\n.cb-nap{font-family:inherit;color:#1f2328;line-height:1.55;\nborder:1px solid #e4e2db;border-top:3px solid #7a6a3f;border-radius:4px;\npadding:1.75rem 2rem;max-width:640px;margin:2.5rem auto}\n.cb-nap__title{margin:0 0 1.25rem;font-size:1.25rem;letter-spacing:.01em}\n.cb-nap__title span{color:#7a6a3f;font-weight:600}\n.cb-nap__grid{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:1.5rem 3rem}\n.cb-nap__block{font-style:normal;min-width:180px}\n.cb-nap__label{display:block;font-size:.72rem;text-transform:uppercase;\nletter-spacing:.08em;color:#6b7178;margin-bottom:.25rem}\n.cb-nap a{color:inherit;text-decoration:none;border-bottom:1px solid #cfd3d8}\n.cb-nap a:hover{border-color:#7a6a3f}\n<\/style>\n\n<h3 id=\"cb-nap-paris\" class=\"cb-nap__title\">Cabinet Bouchara &amp; Avocats <span>&mdash; Paris<\/span><\/h3>\n\n<div class=\"cb-nap__grid\">\n<address class=\"cb-nap__block\">\n<span class=\"cb-nap__label\">Address<\/span>\n17 rue du Colis\u00e9e<br>\n75008 Paris\n<\/address>\n\n<div class=\"cb-nap__block\">\n<span class=\"cb-nap__label\">Phone<\/span>\n<a href=\"tel:+33142254230\">+33 (0)1 42 25 42 30<\/a>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"cb-nap__block\">\n<span class=\"cb-nap__label\">E-mail<\/span>\n<a href=\"mailto:info@cabinetbouchara.com\">info@cabinetbouchara.com<\/a>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-a2530a40\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-wrapper gb-grid-wrapper-95c119aa\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-35c00ae3\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-35c00ae3\"><\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-c126b248\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-c126b248\">\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-3ff76232b4d8d58213196f96389413e0\" style=\"color:#1a4454\">Areas&nbsp;<strong>of focus<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-932dfc8f\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-932dfc8f\"><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-container gb-container-4184a84b\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-wrapper gb-grid-wrapper-a0cc954a\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-dea781a4\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-dea781a4\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-wrapper gb-grid-wrapper-9cf48f29\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-c38968bd\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-c38968bd\">\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/Fichier-8.svg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-880 lazyload\" style=\"width:27px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" \/><\/figure>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-bdcefc4d\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-bdcefc4d\">\n\n<p class=\"has-contrast-2-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-76f7f92a2227b5e0b278a8b601b02303 wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/en\/unfair-competition\/\">UNFAIR COMPETITION<\/a><\/p>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-57e51240\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-57e51240\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-wrapper gb-grid-wrapper-6bd7a673\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-e77f2aeb\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-e77f2aeb\">\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/Fichier-8.svg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-880 lazyload\" style=\"width:27px;height:auto\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" \/><\/figure>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-9c6b9fcb\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-9c6b9fcb\">\n\n<p class=\"has-contrast-2-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-485c02bb440cdfaa04d5abe500523bb9 wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/en\/trademark-law\/\" data-type=\"page\" data-id=\"1008\">TRADEMARKS<\/a><\/p>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-wrapper gb-grid-wrapper-9e0c7c66\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-62d7fec9\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-62d7fec9\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-wrapper gb-grid-wrapper-83b17ad7\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-d55de8f5\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-d55de8f5\">\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/01\/Fichier-2.svg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1928 lazyload\" style=\"width:27px;height:auto\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" \/><\/figure>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-a4fe662a\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-a4fe662a\">\n\n<p class=\"has-contrast-2-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-8b9af268783b130204ee34a5b7b81902 wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/en\/industrial-property-law\/\" data-type=\"page\" data-id=\"1872\">INDUSTRIAL PROPERTY<\/a><\/p>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-00aac516\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-00aac516\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-wrapper gb-grid-wrapper-841cbe4f\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-59efd0f2\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-59efd0f2\">\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/Fichier-1.svg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-871 lazyload\" style=\"width:27px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" \/><\/figure>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-5ee284fc\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-5ee284fc\">\n\n<p class=\"has-contrast-2-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-656af3791af98c2d652a9df6374eaba0 wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/en\/digital-law\/\" data-type=\"page\" data-id=\"1851\">DIGITAL LAW<\/a><\/p>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-wrapper gb-grid-wrapper-a18d283a\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-a04781e7\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-a04781e7\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-wrapper gb-grid-wrapper-1c43f3e6\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-f51409b1\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-f51409b1\">\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/Fichier-3.svg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-874 lazyload\" style=\"width:27px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" \/><\/figure>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-a938e860\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-a938e860\">\n\n<p class=\"has-contrast-2-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-835871e49b9aa010757ee64a9d85d6f4 wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/en\/designs-and-models\/\">DESIGNS<\/a><\/p>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-408dc6e6\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-408dc6e6\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-wrapper gb-grid-wrapper-01edc7c0\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-5429fea9\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-5429fea9\">\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/Fichier-3.svg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-874 lazyload\" style=\"width:27px;height:auto\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" \/><\/figure>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-91d4df81\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-91d4df81\">\n\n<p class=\"has-contrast-2-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-19ab3d428e129f0d17a7b76909bb6360 wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/en\/literary-and-artistic-property-law\/\" data-type=\"page\" data-id=\"1878\">LITERARY AND ARTISTIC PROPERTY<\/a><\/p>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-wrapper gb-grid-wrapper-6fd07591\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-9bb3939a\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-9bb3939a\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-wrapper gb-grid-wrapper-b4c27dd7\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-258a509b\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-258a509b\">\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/Fichier-4.svg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-876 lazyload\" style=\"width:27px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" \/><\/figure>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-6dbb1141\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-6dbb1141\">\n\n<p class=\"has-contrast-2-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-aa32f53d676cea5a4bd010d2338571d4 wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/en\/copyright\/\">COPYRIGHTS<\/a><\/p>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-778a051f\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-778a051f\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-wrapper gb-grid-wrapper-312a887e\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-99b1ce02\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-99b1ce02\">\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/Fichier-4.svg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-876 lazyload\" style=\"width:27px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" \/><\/figure>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-aadf7887\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-aadf7887\">\n\n<p class=\"has-contrast-2-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-2c524b790023b7fb59131cba638f606f wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/en\/advertising-law\/\">ADVERTISING<\/a><\/p>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-wrapper gb-grid-wrapper-92f3c93c\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-d1d4b039\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-d1d4b039\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-wrapper gb-grid-wrapper-2d68fd8b\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-ac358f94\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-ac358f94\">\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/Fichier-5.svg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-877 lazyload\" style=\"width:27px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" \/><\/figure>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-912f8aba\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-912f8aba\">\n\n<p class=\"has-contrast-2-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-f755f99a282c9d15a08cd4bc040cd685 wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/en\/intellectual-property-law\/\" data-type=\"page\" data-id=\"6923\">INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY<\/a><\/p>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-88fa0a29\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-88fa0a29\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-wrapper gb-grid-wrapper-3eab33bf\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-1916bba3\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-1916bba3\">\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/Fichier-5.svg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-877 lazyload\" style=\"width:27px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" \/><\/figure>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-66150fa5\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-66150fa5\">\n\n<p class=\"has-contrast-2-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-e690d999281b4506305c893d71889a08 wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/en\/rgpd-and-data-protection\/\">GDPR &amp; PERSONAL DATA<\/a><\/p>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-wrapper gb-grid-wrapper-a68e0105\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-19b01442\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-19b01442\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-wrapper gb-grid-wrapper-bc1822f5\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-81cab2bb\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-81cab2bb\"><\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-49747f0c\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-49747f0c\"><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-9683fbca\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-9683fbca\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-wrapper gb-grid-wrapper-67e0763f\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-33307d38\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-33307d38\">\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/Fichier-5.svg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-877 lazyload\" style=\"width:27px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" \/><\/figure>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-0422467f\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-0422467f\">\n\n<p class=\"has-contrast-2-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-3c8f00669d64582cd0024da13d5b3f53 wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/en\/entertainment-media\/\" data-type=\"page\" data-id=\"1872\">ENTERTAINMENT &amp; MEDIA<\/a><\/p>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-wrapper gb-grid-wrapper-enrow0\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-en00c\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-en00c\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-wrapper gb-grid-wrapper-en00g\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-en00i\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-en00i\">\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/Fichier-8.svg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-880 lazyload\" style=\"width:27px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" \/><\/figure>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-en00t\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-en00t\">\n\n<p class=\"has-contrast-2-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-d67b190df90f9e4fccd02addab5aa057 wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/en\/e-commerce-law\/\" data-type=\"page\" data-id=\"20953\">E-COMMERCE<\/a><\/p>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-en01c\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-en01c\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-wrapper gb-grid-wrapper-en01g\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-en01i\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-en01i\">\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/Fichier-8.svg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-880 lazyload\" style=\"width:27px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" \/><\/figure>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-en01t\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-en01t\">\n\n<p class=\"has-contrast-2-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-a91ed94f761a6a78609995e287667573 wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/en\/trade-secrets-law\/\" data-type=\"page\" data-id=\"20954\">TRADE SECRETS<\/a><\/p>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-wrapper gb-grid-wrapper-enrow1\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-en10c\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-en10c\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-wrapper gb-grid-wrapper-en10g\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-en10i\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-en10i\">\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/Fichier-1.svg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-871 lazyload\" style=\"width:27px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" \/><\/figure>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-en10t\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-en10t\">\n\n<p class=\"has-contrast-2-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-52434409a0adce0bc1a75f4f5d7ebeb7 wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/en\/domain-name-law\/\" data-type=\"page\" data-id=\"20956\">DOMAIN NAMES<\/a><\/p>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-en11c\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-en11c\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-wrapper gb-grid-wrapper-en11g\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-en11i\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-en11i\">\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/Fichier-1.svg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-871 lazyload\" style=\"width:27px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" \/><\/figure>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-en11t\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-en11t\">\n\n<p class=\"has-contrast-2-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-289c4bb6f280ec2490261ae90e493ab2 wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/en\/image-rights-law\/\" data-type=\"page\" data-id=\"20958\">IMAGE RIGHTS<\/a><\/p>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-wrapper gb-grid-wrapper-enrow2\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-en20c\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-en20c\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-wrapper gb-grid-wrapper-en20g\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-en20i\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-en20i\">\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/Fichier-3.svg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-874 lazyload\" style=\"width:27px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" \/><\/figure>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-en20t\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-en20t\">\n\n<p class=\"has-contrast-2-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-c5a1d18b584a773b1ba037a5b165524b wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/en\/commercial-disparagement\/\" data-type=\"page\" data-id=\"20960\">COMMERCIAL DISPARAGEMENT<\/a><\/p>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-en21c\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-en21c\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-wrapper gb-grid-wrapper-en21g\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-en21i\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-en21i\">\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/Fichier-3.svg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-874 lazyload\" style=\"width:27px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" \/><\/figure>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-en21t\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-en21t\">\n\n<p class=\"has-contrast-2-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-df35bae7b4ba294fcb39ee03d7cc9ea5 wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/en\/patent-law\/\" data-type=\"page\" data-id=\"20962\">PATENTS<\/a><\/p>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-wrapper gb-grid-wrapper-enrow3\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-en30c\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-en30c\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-wrapper gb-grid-wrapper-en30g\">\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-en30i\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-en30i\">\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-resized\"><img decoding=\"async\" data-src=\"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/Fichier-4.svg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-876 lazyload\" style=\"width:27px\" src=\"data:image\/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB3aWR0aD0iMSIgaGVpZ2h0PSIxIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcvMjAwMC9zdmciPjwvc3ZnPg==\" \/><\/figure>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-en30t\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-en30t\">\n\n<p class=\"has-contrast-2-color has-text-color has-link-color wp-elements-3ae8feaaa74ea6dd82536748cd037cca wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/en\/software-and-database-law\/\" data-type=\"page\" data-id=\"20964\">SOFTWARE &amp; DATABASES<\/a><\/p>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"gb-grid-column gb-grid-column-en31c\"><div class=\"gb-container gb-container-en31c\"><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":7,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-21845","page","type-page","status-publish"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/21845","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/7"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=21845"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/21845\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":21847,"href":"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/21845\/revisions\/21847"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cabinetbouchara.com\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=21845"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}